Hedera rhombea inhibits the biofilm formation of Candida, thereby increases the susceptibility to antifungal agent, and reduces infection

Candida is an opportunistic pathogen and a common cause of fungal infections worldwide. Anti-fungal use against has resulted in the appearance resistant strains. The limited choice anti-fungal therapy means alternative strategies are needed to control infectious diseases. aim this study was evaluate inhibition biofilm formation by Hedera rhombea (Korean name: songak) extract. Biofilm assessed using crystal violet assay which showed dose dependent reduction presence extract with inhibitory concentration C . albicans (IC 50 = 12.5μg/ml ) , tropicalis var 25μg/ml), parapsilosis 6.25μg/ml), glabrata 12.5μg/ml), 12.5μg/ml) without directly reducing growth. Treatment 6.25μg/mL increased antifungal susceptibility miconazole from 32% decreasing growth 98.8% that based on assay. dose-dependently reduced dimorphic transition treatment 3.125μg/mL completely blocked adherence HaCaT cells. To know molecular mechanisms extract, qRT-PCR analysis done, found dependently reduce expression hyphal-associated genes ( ALS3 ECE1 HWP1 PGA50 PBR1 ), extracellular matrix GSC1 ZAP1 ADH5 CSH1 Ras1-cAMP-PKA pathway CYR1 EFG1 RAS1 Cph2-Tec1 gene TEC1 MAP kinases HST7 ). In study, formation, activation susceptibility, infection. These results suggest good screen for developing adjuvant should be candidate biofilm-related